Piston



L. B. BOYD April 5, 1932.

PISTON Filed Oct. 16, 1930 Patented Apr. 5, 1932 UNETED STATES T T Fr es LANDON B. BOYD, OF LA FORTE, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR TO THE DE LUKE PRODUCTS CORPORATIUN, OF LA FORTE, INDI ANA, A CORPORATION OF INDIANA PISTON Application filed October 16, 19 30. Serial no. 489,021.

This invention relates to certain novel improvements in pistons and especially to pistons for use in engines wherein the temperatures in the explosion or expansion chamber are relatively high. a V

The salient objects of this invention are to provide a novel piston wherein the skirt and head will be effectively reenforced by ribs arranged interiorly m bafiie will be provided below the head and efficiently insulated therefrom to prevent the lubricating oil fromcoming in contact with the head of the piston; wherein the insulation between the baflie and the head may 5 be expeditiously provided; and which may be produced by a novel method that will expedite the attainment of the above objects.

A selected embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings and therein I Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a piston embodying theinvention;

Fig. 9. is a vertical sectional view taken substantially on the line 2-2 on Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken substantially on the line 3-3 on Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view taken substantially on the line l l on Fig. 1.

The piston as disclosed in the accompanying drawings includes a head 5 and a skirt 6 in which wrist pin bearings 7, 7 are provided, the skirt and head being integral and preferably being cast. In the periphery of the skirt, spaced a short distance below the head 5, piston ring grooves 8, 8 are provided in which the usual piston rings are'adapted to be mounted. The piston, as disclosed in the accompanying drawings, is particularly adapted for use in so-called Diesel engines and the head 5 may be cupped as indicated at 9 for the purpose well understood in that art. The explosion or expansion chamber temperatures of such engines is relatively high, and therefore the head of the piston becomes very hot luring operation of the engine and if the lubricating oil, thrown into the piston, contacts with the head the lubricating properties thereof are destroyed, and to avoid this, the improved and novel piston of this invention embodies a battle, arranged of the piston; wherein a below the head, which prevents the lubricatmg 011 from cont-actmg with saidhead. t The battle 1n the present instance is arranged 1n- ,termediate the head and the wrist pin bearings and is generally indicated by 10. The 5 baiiie is formed by a horizontal rib extended into the hollow interior of the piston from the skirt and at the center of this rib an opening 11 is provided. Arranged intermediate the baffle 10 and the head 5 are a plurality of r openings 12, providing an air chamber. The openings are radially disposedand communicate with the opening 11. The method of, producing this piston comprises the providing ofa mold, in which cores todefine tlie 5 openings maybe arranged, Molten metal is poured into the mold and after the metal has cooled sufficiently the piston is removed from the mold and by inserting a suitable imple V *ment through the opening 11 the cores may be broken and removed, to thus provide the 'air chamber below the head.' After the cores have been removed the opening 11 is closed v by arranging therein a so-called Welch or 7 expansion plug, which is in the nature of a somewhat conical disc, and this disc *is arranged in the opening 11 and a blow is struck thereon toflatten the same which tightly wedges the plug 13 in position, and thus the air chamber is sealed and a so-called dead air space is provided betweenthe baffle and-the 7 'head which effectively insulates said b'ai'lie p from said head. Therefore the temperature of the baffle will be appreciably lower than the temperatureofthe head during the op- 5 erationof an engine in which the piston is; employed. By reason of the eifective insulation thus provided it is possible tokeep the temperature of the baffle below a point which I will cause deterioration of the lubricatingoil and thus the life of the lubricating oil may be prolonged.

The oil used inthe lubrication of engines frequently becomes a fine spray or 'mist and when in this condition'is thoroughly aerated. It has been mentioned that the heads of pis tons in Diesel engines oftenbecom'e very hot and it sometimes 'happens that an oil mist, as above described, coming in contact with the hot head of such a piston, explodes. This is not a hypothetical condition but has been found to actually occur in many instances, and it is therefore manifest that the provision of the baflle 10 not only prolongs the life of the lubricating oil but also obviates such 'explosions, forwthe baflie= '10 is so effectively insulated from the head that the temperature thereof will never reach a point sufficient to ignite an oil mist. a

It is' however not only advantageous to prevent the lubricating oil from contacting'with piston but also to effectively reenforce the head of the piston as well as the skirt thereof. This reenforce isiaccom 7 plished by providing vertical ribs interiorly the head of the of the skirt and'below the head. Certain of these ribs, -indicated bye-14, extend between 'thG'lOWGF'GIIClOf the skirt andthebafiie '10 While other ofv-these ribs, indicated by 15,

extend between the baffle 10 andthehead 5. The respective ribs 14 and 15 are aligned with each. other andare' to all intents and purposes unitary, continuously: extending ribs, for: the horizontal rib providing the baffie lO is castintegrally withthe head andskirt of the-piston, as are the ribs Hand distribution of" heat, isueliminate'd. More over, the piston is so formed thatthe lubri-' catinggoil is prevented from 5 the head 'ofthe' piston,

15. In order to preventWarpingofthe skirt, especially in thelower end thereof, an in-v ternally disposed-fiange16is provided; Each of the ribs-14 and 15 which, as stated, arein' reality; but one rib are preferably tapered on their inwardly disposed. edges with the widest therhead andg'with the narrower portions merging-intothe flange-16; This rib ar-- rangementnot only reenforcesthe skirt and head but alsomore effectively-dissipates the heat, for itis manifest that the piston is shotter in portions-thereof adjacentthdhead' than in the. portions thereof adjacent the skirt, and the ribs :are so shaped that they are oftgreater Width in the hotterportions to thus providergreater radiation surface;

It is manifest from the-foregoing description 'that the novel piston of this invention is" one 'Wherei-n'the head and skirt are effectively reenforcedand wherein these parts are so reenforeed" that eflicientheat radiating mediums-are provided' which are so distributed th at :Warping. of the "piston, due to uneven expansion thereof byxreason'of an uneven a bafflebeing provided forthis purpose,'Whic-h baflieis-eflfectively insulated from the head and whichmay therefore be-kept ata lower temperature than the 1 temperature of the'head;

.The'foregoing description sets forth aselectedembodiment of the invention but it isto be understood-that variations-and -modifi-- cations :might be made therein and I therefore do-not Wish to be limited to'the'precise detailsl set forth but desire to availfmyself portions thereof arranged adjacent defining contacting .with

of such changes and alterations as fall within the purview of the following claims.

I claim:

1. A piston including a head and a skirt, a baffle in said skirt spaced from the head,

- radially disposed reenforcing'means integral 1ngs,=and reenforcing means in said skirt aligned with said first named reenforcing' means.

32 A piston 'inclu'ding head,- a skirt, a

rib inthe skirt substantially parallelto and s aced-from the head, and reenforcing ribs extending along said skirt from said headon'both' 'sides of said rib, said head, skirt, rib, and reenforcingribs being integral.

4;. -A'piston including a head,-a skirt, a rib in the skirt substantially parallel 'to and spaced fromtheliead, reenforcing ribs between said headand rib, andother reenforc ing ribs between-said riband'the end of said skirtand aligned-withthe first nan1ed"re'- enforcin'g ribs,'said head, skirt, rib, and reenforcing ribs being integral.

5. A p1stonincluding a head, a skirt, a?

rib in the skirt substantially parallel to and" spaced from the head and having an open ing therein, reenforcingribs-extending along said'skirt onboth sides of saidriband providing recesses between the head and rib com-' '1 idc municating With the opening, and means for I tion with said recesses.

, 6. A piston including a headand a skirt; a 1

closing said-opening to prevent communicabafil'e in said'skirt spaced from the head, ra-

diallydisposed ribs integral 'With' and ex-" tending openings, said baffle having ing therein communicatingwith said openings, and an expansion pluginthe opening 1n the baflie' for'closing said opening to pre vent communication to said openings.

LANDON B. BOYD."

between the baflie and the head and an open- 

